Behind the Greatest Experiments: Basic Research

Insight must precede application.? ? Max Planck, Nobel Prize in Physics, 1918

One summer day a young Martin Chalfie walked out of a lab after a particularly frustrating experiment. He thought?quite erroneously?that the life of a scientist was not for him. After teaching high school chemistry for some years, he gave it one more try. Working with Robert Perlman, then in Harvard University?s physiology department, Chalfie rekindled his passion for chemistry.

Basic science benefited immensely from the work Chalfie and his colleagues accomplished many years later. They won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2008 for showing how the gene that causes green fluorescent protein (GFP) to glow could be used in C. elegans to highlight individual cells without the need for added enzymes to create the light. This discovery was necessary for his further research into the function of nerve cells that create our feelings of touch, balance and hearing.

Max Planck. Photo: copyright by author.

On Wednesday, 3 July during the Lindau Nobel Laureate meetings, Chalfie will discuss how tickling C. elegans worms with an eyelash hair led to further insights. With all of these connections to basic research, I?ve been thinking often about Max Planck who was allegedly told that ?there was nothing new to be discovered in physics.? The famous German scientist pursued his interests anyway. And we still experience his discovery through ?Planck?s constant,? which is mentioned in the description of Nobel Laureate David Wineland?s talk scheduled for 1 July called ?Superposition, Entanglement, and Raising Schr?dinger?s Cat.?

In the United States, basic research ? the unglamorous stepchild in grant funding circles ? is often pushed aside. The slower progress found in this line of work, coupled with larger risks of dead-ends, may make it seem tedious. Translational science projects usually start full-steam ahead with the promise of bedside or commercial solutions. As we listen to and talk with each other in the coming weeks, I think all conversations would benefit by highlighting the basic research that exists?as well as the knowledge we have yet to gain?in all great chemistry experiments.

?Scientific inquiry starts with observation,? said Chalfie in his Nobel Prize acceptance speech in 2008. ?The more we can see, the more we can investigate.?

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This blog post originates from the Lindau Nobel Online Community, the interactive forum of the Lindau Nobel Laureate Meetings. The 63rd Lindau Nobel Laureate Meeting, dedicated to chemistry, is held in Lindau, Germany, from 30 June to 5 July 2013. 35 Nobel Laureates will congregate to meet more than 600 young researchers from approximately 80 countries.

Kathleen Raven is part of the official blog team. Please find all of her postings on the Community blog.

Source: http://www.scientificamerican.com/blog/post.cfm?id=behind-the-greatest-experiments-basic-research

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